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Simple load testing with Locust
Simple load testing with Locust#
I’ve been using Locust recently to run some load tests - most significantly these tests against SQLite running with Django and this test exercising Datasette and Gunicorn.
A really basic test#
Locust tests are defined in a locustfile.py file. Here’s the most basic possible test, which sends requests to the / page of a web application:
1from locust import HttpUser, task2
3class Page(HttpUser):4 @task5 def index(self):6 self.client.get("/")The web interface#
With this saved as locustfile.py you can run it in two ways. You can start a web interface to Locust like this:
1locustThis opens a web server on http://0.0.0.0:8089/ (by default) which offers an interface for starting a new test:
You can run this for as long as you like, and it will produce both statistics on the load test and some pleasing charts:
Using the command-line#
You can also run tests without the web server at all. I tend to use this option as it’s quicker to repeat a test, and you can easily copy and paste the results into a GitHub issue thread.
1locust --headless --users 4 --spawn-rate 2 -H http://127.0.0.1:8001This runs the tests in the current locustfile.py against http://127.0.0.1:8001, with four concurrent users and ramping up at 2 users every second (so taking two seconds to ramp up to full concurrency).
Hit Ctrl+C to end the test. It will end up producing something like this:
1Type Name # reqs # fails | Avg Min Max Med | req/s failures/s2--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|--------|-----------3GET /fixtures/sortable 475 0(0.00%) | 169 110 483 170 | 23.58 0.004--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|--------|-----------5 Aggregated 475 0(0.00%) | 169 110 483 170 | 23.58 0.006
7Response time percentiles (approximated)8Type Name 50% 66% 75% 80% 90% 95% 98% 99% 99.9% 99.99% 100% # reqs9--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------10GET /fixtures/sortable 170 170 180 180 190 200 210 250 480 480 480 47511--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------12 Aggregated 170 170 180 180 190 200 210 250 480 480 480 475More complicated tests#
Locust tests can get a lot more complex than this. The documentation provides this example:
1import time2from locust import HttpUser, task, between3
4class QuickstartUser(HttpUser):5 wait_time = between(1, 5)6
7 @task8 def hello_world(self):9 self.client.get("/hello")10 self.client.get("/world")11
12 @task(3)13 def view_items(self):14 for item_id in range(10):15 self.client.get(f"/item?id={item_id}", name="/item")16 time.sleep(1)17
18 def on_start(self):19 self.client.post("/login", json={"username":"foo", "password":"bar"})This illustrates some neat concepts. Each “user” will constantly pick a task at random, where a task is a method decorated with the @task decorator. @task(3) here gives that task a weight of three, so it’s three times more likely to be accepted.
The self.client can maintain cookie state between requests, with each user getting a separate copy. on_start is used here to log the user in, but also demonstrates how POST requests can work against APIs that accept JSON.
Simple load testing with Locust
https://mranv.pages.dev/posts/simple-load-testing-with-locust/