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LetsDefend Write up Linux Memory Forensics
LetsDefend - Linux Memory Forensics#
Created: 11/05/2024 14:11 Last Updated: 07/06/2024 08:58
Linux Memory Forensics
Ghazy, my friend, is new to web development and started his website, but it seems that the website was vulnerable and one of the attackers was able to get root access. Could you examine this memory dump for us?
File Location: /root/Desktop/ChallengeFile/MyW3B.7z Volatility2 Command: vol.py Volatility3 Command: vol
Start Investigation#
What is the Linux kernel version of this memory dump?
There are 2 ways to archive this
First by using strings and search for “BOOT_IMAGE” like this
Second is to grab the banners from memory file
we will use vol.py -f MyW3B.vmem banners.Banners to grab Linux banners
15.4.0-150-genericWhat was the command that our friend Ghazy used to run his website?
But we need to determine which memory profile we should use first ( vol.py -f MyW3B.vmem imageinfo)
Then use vol.py --profile=LinuxUbuntu_5_4_0-150-generic_profilex64 -f MyW3B.vmem linux_bash to recover bash history then we can see that user ghazy used docker to run his website
1sudo docker run -dp 8001:80 ghazyWe are sure that the attacker has uploaded a shell to the site. Can you get the Inode address?
I used vol.py --profile=LinuxUbuntu_5_4_0-150-generic_profilex64 -f MyW3B.vmem linux_enumerate_files | grep "\.php" to enumerate all files as much as possible then find for “.php” since its a shell for web server to execute so I expected it to be php file which I was right
10xffff9c4fdee03448What is the attacker’s IP address and port? Answer Format: IP
I used netstat plugin but couldn’t find anything so I have to use vol.py --profile=LinuxUbuntu_5_4_0-150-generic_profilex64 -f MyW3B.vmem linux_find_file -i 0xffff9c4fdee03448 -O ~/Desktop/ChallengeFile/shell.php to dump shell.php to read the content inside
Its a typical php reverse shell that many hackers are used so it won’t be hard to find where IP address and Port are declared
189.187.162.105:3351According to the IP address you got, what is the country of the attacker?
According to IP location, This IP address located in Singapore
1SingaporeWhat is the name of the user with UID value 1000?
We need to use vol.py --profile=LinuxUbuntu_5_4_0-150-generic_profilex64 -f MyW3B.vmem linux_enumerate_files | grep "passwd" to grab Inode of /etc/passwd file which contain uid of all users
Then use vol.py --profile=LinuxUbuntu_5_4_0-150-generic_profilex64 -f MyW3B.vmem linux_find_file -i 0xffff9c500abd7480 -O ~/Desktop/ChallengeFile/passwd to dump it which we can see that UID 1000 is kirito user
1kiritoWhat is the IP address of the victim?
Luckily for us that vol.py --profile=LinuxUbuntu_5_4_0-150-generic_profilex64 -f MyW3B.vmem linux_ifconfig could be used and the IP address that match answer format is from ens33 interface
1192.168.245.129Summary#
On this challenge, we used volatility to analyze Linux memory dump which hosted a website with docker and eventually attacked by an attacker via well shell that uploaded to a site then we will use volatility plugin to dump files and look up for network interface on this memory dump while it was captured.
LetsDefend Write up Linux Memory Forensics
https://mranv.pages.dev/posts/letsdefend-write-up-linux-memory-forensics/