Convert git log output to JSON using jq#

I just spent way too long messing around with ChatGPT (transcript here) trying to figure this out. After much iteration, here’s a recipe that works (mostly written by me at this point):

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git log --pretty=format:'%H%x00%an <%ae>%x00%ad%x00%s%x00' | \
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  jq -R -s '[split("\n")[:-1] | map(split("\u0000")) | .[] | {
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    "commit": .[0],
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    "author": .[1],
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    "date": .[2],
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    "message": .[3]
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  }]'

The output looks like this:

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[
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  {
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    "commit": "3feed1f66e2b746f349ee56970a62246a18bb164",
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    "author": "Simon Willison <...@gmail.com>",
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    "date": "Wed Mar 22 15:54:35 2023 -0700",
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    "message": "Re-applied Black"
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  },
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  {
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    "commit": "d97e82df3c8a3f2e97038d7080167be9bb74a68d",
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    "author": "Simon Willison <...@gmail.com>",
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    "date": "Wed Mar 22 15:49:39 2023 -0700",
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    "message": "?_extra= support and TableView refactor to table_view"
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  },
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  {
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    "commit": "56b0758a5fbf85d01ff80a40c9b028469d7bb65f",
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    "author": "Simon Willison <...@gmail.com>",
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    "date": "Wed Mar 8 12:52:25 2023 -0800",
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    "message": "0.64 release notes, refs #2036"
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  },
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  {
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    "commit": "25fdbe6b27888b7ccf1284c0304a8eb282dbb428",
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    "author": "Simon Willison <...@gmail.com>",
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    "date": "Wed Mar 8 12:33:23 2023 -0800",
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    "message": "use tmpdir instead of isolated_filesystem, refs #2037"
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  }
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]

The challenge here was to get git log to output text in an unambiguous, easy to parse format.

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git log --pretty=format:'%H%x00%an <%ae>%x00%ad%x00%s%x00'

This outputs each commit as a single line of text, using null bytes as a delimiter.

Null bytes won’t render here, but it looks something like this:

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3feed1f66e2b746f349ee56970a62246a18bb164Simon Willison <...@gmail.com>Wed Mar 22 15:54:35 2023 -0700Re-applied Black

An explanation of those formatting codes (thanks, ChatGPT):

%H: The commit hash.
%x00: A null byte (represented by the hexadecimal value 00) as a separator between the different fields.
%an: The author’s name.
<%ae>: The author’s email address enclosed in angle brackets.
%ad: The author date in the default format.
%s: The commit message title (without the description).

Then I pipe that through this jq program:

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[split("\n")[:-1] | map(split("\u0000")) | .[] | {
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  "commit": .[0],
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  "author": .[1],
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  "date": .[2],
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  "message": .[3]
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}]

The jq -R -s means “raw input” (don’t expect the input to be JSON) and “slurp”, to slurp all the input into memory in one go.

Then I can use split("\n") to split on newlines, ignoring the empty line at the end with [:-1].

Each of those lines is run through map and then split on "\u0000" - the null byte.

Those are gathered into a fresh array with .[] and finally converted from an array to an object using that object literal syntax.