Apple Zero-Day Vulnerabilities 2025: Understanding CVE-2025-31200, CVE-2025-31201, and Emergency Security Response#

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# Detection script for suspicious audio file processing
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#!/bin/bash
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# Monitor CoreAudio crash logs
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log show --predicate 'process == "coreaudiod"' --last 24h | grep -E "EXC_BAD_ACCESS|SIGBUS|SIGSEGV"
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# Check for unusual audio file access patterns
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fs_usage -w -f filesys | grep -E "\.mp3|\.m4a|\.aac|\.wav" | grep -v "/System/Library"

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// Swift code to validate audio files before processing
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import AVFoundation
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import CommonCrypto
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class SecureAudioValidator {
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    static func validateAudioFile(at url: URL) -> Bool {
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        // Check file size limits
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        guard let fileSize = try? url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.fileSizeKey]).fileSize,
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              fileSize < 100_000_000 else { // 100MB limit
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            return false
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        }
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        // Validate audio format
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        let asset = AVAsset(url: url)
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        guard asset.isPlayable,
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              asset.duration.seconds < 3600 else { // 1 hour limit
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            return false
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        }
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        // Check for suspicious metadata
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        let metadata = asset.commonMetadata
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        for item in metadata {
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            if let value = item.value as? String,
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               value.contains("<script") || value.contains("eval(") {
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                return false
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            }
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        }
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        return true
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    }
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}

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// Simplified representation of RPAC mechanism
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// Actual implementation is in ARM64 assembly
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typedef struct {
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    void* return_address;
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    uint64_t auth_code;
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} authenticated_pointer_t;
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// Normal function return with RPAC
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void secure_function() {
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    // Function prologue - sign return address
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    __asm__("pacibsp");  // Pointer Authentication Code for Instruction address using B key
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    // Function body
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    // ...
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    // Function epilogue - authenticate return address
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    __asm__("retab");    // Return with pointer authentication
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}

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# RPAC bypass detection script
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import subprocess
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import re
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from datetime import datetime, timedelta
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def detect_rpac_bypass_attempts():
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    """
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    Monitor system logs for potential RPAC bypass attempts
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    """
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    # Check crash reports for authentication failures
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    cmd = [
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        'log', 'show',
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        '--predicate', 'eventMessage CONTAINS "pointer authentication"',
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        '--last', '24h'
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    ]
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    result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True)
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    suspicious_patterns = [
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        r'authentication failure',
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        r'invalid pointer authentication',
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        r'RPAC mismatch',
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        r'return address corruption'
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    ]
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    alerts = []
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    for line in result.stdout.split('\n'):
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        for pattern in suspicious_patterns:
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            if re.search(pattern, line, re.IGNORECASE):
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                alerts.append({
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                    'timestamp': datetime.now(),
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                    'pattern': pattern,
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                    'log_entry': line
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                })
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    return alerts
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# Run detection
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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    alerts = detect_rpac_bypass_attempts()
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    if alerts:
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        print(f"⚠️  Found {len(alerts)} potential RPAC bypass attempts")
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        for alert in alerts:
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            print(f"  - {alert['timestamp']}: {alert['pattern']}")

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// Swift code to check and prompt for Lockdown Mode
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import Foundation
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class LockdownModeManager {
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    static func checkLockdownStatus() -> Bool {
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        // Check if Lockdown Mode is enabled
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        let process = Process()
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        process.launchPath = "/usr/bin/defaults"
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        process.arguments = ["read", "com.apple.Safari", "LockdownModeEnabled"]
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        let pipe = Pipe()
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        process.standardOutput = pipe
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        process.launch()
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        process.waitUntilExit()
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        let data = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
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        let output = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)
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        return output?.contains("1") ?? false
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    }
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    static func promptForLockdownMode() {
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        if !checkLockdownStatus() {
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            print("""
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            ⚠️  SECURITY RECOMMENDATION
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            You appear to be a high-risk user. Consider enabling Lockdown Mode:
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            1. Open System Settings
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            2. Go to Privacy & Security
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            3. Scroll down to Lockdown Mode
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            4. Click "Turn On"
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            Lockdown Mode restrictions:
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            - Message attachments limited
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            - Complex web technologies disabled
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            - Incoming FaceTime from unknown contacts blocked
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            - Wired connections blocked when locked
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            - Configuration profiles cannot be installed
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            """)
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        }
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    }
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}

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# Advanced threat hunting script for Apple zero-days
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import subprocess
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import json
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import re
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from collections import Counter
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from datetime import datetime, timedelta
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class AppleThreatHunter:
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    def __init__(self):
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        self.suspicious_indicators = {
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            'coreaudio_crashes': 0,
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            'webkit_exploits': 0,
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            'kernel_panics': 0,
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            'auth_failures': 0,
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            'suspicious_downloads': 0
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        }
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    def analyze_system_logs(self, hours=24):
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        """Analyze system logs for indicators of compromise"""
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        end_time = datetime.now()
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        start_time = end_time - timedelta(hours=hours)
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        # Analyze crash reports
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        self.check_crash_reports(start_time, end_time)
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        # Check for webkit exploitation attempts
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        self.check_webkit_activity(start_time, end_time)
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        # Monitor authentication anomalies
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        self.check_auth_anomalies(start_time, end_time)
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        return self.generate_threat_report()
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    def check_crash_reports(self, start_time, end_time):
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        """Check for suspicious crash patterns"""
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        cmd = [
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            'log', 'show',
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            '--predicate', 'eventMessage CONTAINS "crash"',
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            '--start', start_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),
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            '--end', end_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
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        ]
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        try:
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            result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=30)
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            # Count crashes by process
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            crashes = re.findall(r'process\s+:\s+(\w+)', result.stdout)
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            crash_counts = Counter(crashes)
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            # Flag suspicious crash patterns
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            if crash_counts.get('coreaudiod', 0) > 3:
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                self.suspicious_indicators['coreaudio_crashes'] = crash_counts['coreaudiod']
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            if crash_counts.get('WebContent', 0) > 5:
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                self.suspicious_indicators['webkit_exploits'] = crash_counts['WebContent']
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        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
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            print("Warning: Log analysis timed out")
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    def check_webkit_activity(self, start_time, end_time):
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        """Monitor WebKit for exploitation attempts"""
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        cmd = [
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            'log', 'show',
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            '--predicate', 'process == "com.apple.WebKit"',
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            '--start', start_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
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        ]
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        result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True)
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        # Look for JIT compilation anomalies
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        jit_errors = len(re.findall(r'JIT.*error|compilation.*failed', result.stdout, re.I))
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        if jit_errors > 10:
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            self.suspicious_indicators['webkit_exploits'] += jit_errors
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    def check_auth_anomalies(self, start_time, end_time):
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        """Check for authentication bypass attempts"""
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        cmd = [
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            'log', 'show',
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            '--predicate', 'eventMessage CONTAINS "authentication" OR eventMessage CONTAINS "authorization"',
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            '--start', start_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
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        ]
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        result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True)
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        # Count authentication failures
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        auth_failures = len(re.findall(r'authentication failed|authorization denied', result.stdout, re.I))
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        if auth_failures > 20:
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            self.suspicious_indicators['auth_failures'] = auth_failures
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    def generate_threat_report(self):
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        """Generate comprehensive threat assessment report"""
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        threat_level = "LOW"
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        total_indicators = sum(1 for v in self.suspicious_indicators.values() if v > 0)
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        if total_indicators >= 3:
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            threat_level = "CRITICAL"
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        elif total_indicators >= 2:
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            threat_level = "HIGH"
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        elif total_indicators >= 1:
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            threat_level = "MEDIUM"
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        report = {
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            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
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            'threat_level': threat_level,
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            'indicators': self.suspicious_indicators,
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            'recommendations': self.get_recommendations(threat_level)
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        }
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        return report
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    def get_recommendations(self, threat_level):
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        """Provide actionable recommendations based on threat level"""
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        recommendations = []
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        if threat_level in ["HIGH", "CRITICAL"]:
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            recommendations.extend([
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                "Immediately update to latest OS version",
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                "Enable Lockdown Mode",
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                "Isolate device from network",
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                "Perform full security audit",
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                "Contact security team"
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            ])
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        elif threat_level == "MEDIUM":
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            recommendations.extend([
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                "Schedule immediate OS update",
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                "Review recent application installations",
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                "Monitor system behavior closely",
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                "Consider enabling Lockdown Mode"
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            ])
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        else:
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            recommendations.extend([
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                "Maintain regular update schedule",
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                "Continue normal monitoring"
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            ])
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        return recommendations
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# Execute threat hunting
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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    hunter = AppleThreatHunter()
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    report = hunter.analyze_system_logs(hours=48)
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    print(json.dumps(report, indent=2))

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
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<plist version="1.0">
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<dict>
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    <key>PayloadContent</key>
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    <array>
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        <dict>
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            <key>PayloadType</key>
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            <string>com.apple.security</string>
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            <key>PayloadVersion</key>
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            <integer>1</integer>
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            <key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
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            <string>com.company.security.2025</string>
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            <key>PayloadUUID</key>
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            <string>7D24B4C4-2025-4D69-B4A4-4D5B0BADB1CE</string>
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            <key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
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            <string>2025 Zero-Day Protection Profile</string>
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            <!-- Force automatic security updates -->
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            <key>AutomaticAppInstallation</key>
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            <true/>
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            <key>AutomaticOSInstallation</key>
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            <true/>
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            <key>AutomaticSecurityUpdatesOnly</key>
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            <false/>
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            <!-- Enhanced security settings -->
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            <key>EnableLockdownMode</key>
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            <true/>
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            <key>DisableAirDrop</key>
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            <true/>
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            <key>DisableHandoff</key>
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            <true/>
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            <!-- Network restrictions -->
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            <key>WiFiRequireAdminToAssociate</key>
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            <true/>
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            <key>BluetoothEnabled</key>
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            <false/>
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        </dict>
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    </array>
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</dict>
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</plist>